Skip to main content

voltage

Voltage, is is the difference in potential between two points  in an electric field. also called electromotive force.

voltage is the pressure from an electrical circuit’s power source that pushes charged electrons (current).
water-analogy1.png          grater the voltage grater the flow of electric current. Voltage is symbolized by  V or E. The standard unit is the volt. One volt will drive one columb  (6.24 x 1018) charge.such as electronics through a resistance of one ohm.

Voltage can be direct or alternating. A direct voltage maintains the same polarity. In an alternating voltage, the polarity reverses direction periodically. The number of complete cycles per second is the frequency which is measured in hertz.

Comments

  1. […] are some simple relationships between currents and voltages of different branches of an electrical circuit. These relationships are determined by some basic […]

    ReplyDelete
  2. […] Law.  It uses the mesh currents as the circuit variables. we can use Mesh Analysis to find out the voltage, current or power through a particular element or […]

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Lorentz force equation

  Lorentz Force Equation   The force experienced by current element in magnetic field is given as sum of force due to electric field and magnetic field.   Force due to electric field: A region is said to be characterized by an electric field if a particle of charge q moving with a velocity v experiences a force Fe, independent of v. The force, Fe, is given by              F e = qE ---------------------------------------- (1.1)                    E is the electric field intensity. Measured in newtons per coulomb (N/C) or volts per meter. Where volt is a newton-meter per coulomb. The line integral of E between two points A and B in an electric field region gives voltage between A and B. It is the work per unit charge done by the field in the movement of the charge from A to B. Force due to magnetic field: If a charged particle experiences a force which depends on v, then the region is said to be characterized by a magnetic field. The force, Fm, is given by                     F m =...

P-N junction diode

A P-N junction diode is a basic diode. It is the combination of P-type and N-type semiconductor. symbol : P-N junction and potential barrier : A P-N junction is the basic building block of many semiconductor devices like diodes and transistors. P -n  junctions are formed by joining  n -type and  p -type semiconductor materials. Since the  n -type region has a high electron concentration and the  p -type a high hole concentration this difference in concentration creates density mismatch across junction which results to creation of potential barrier. The value of potential barrier v b  is 0.3 for germanium and 0.7 for silicon. Working : Forward bias: Application of positive charge at p-side pushes holes towards potential barrier and similarly negative charge at N-side pushes electrons towards barrier if input voltage is grater than potential barrier then electrons diffuse from the  n -type side to the p-type side. Similarly, holes flow by diffusion from the p-type side to the n-type side...

photodiode

Introduction : A photo diode is a semi-conductor device, with a p-n junction and an intrinsic layer between p and n layers. It can be used as a light detector, which involves the conversion of light into current or voltage depending on mode of operation. [gallery ids="867,866" type="rectangular"] construction :   Working : When a photon of sufficient energy strikes the diode, it creates an electron-hole pair. This mechanism is also known as the inner photoelectric effect. If it occurs at the junction these carriers are swept from the junction by the built-in electric field of the depletion region. Thus holes move toward the anode, and electrons toward the cathode, and a photo current is produced. The total current through the photo diode is the sum of the dark current (current that is generated in the absence of light) and the photo current, so the dark current must be minimized to maximize the sensitivity of the device. Mainly it is operated in two modes 1.  Photo ...